A few observations on our discussion and a theory...
I find it interesting how almost every public discussion I've ever read about the merits of the .308 inevitably evolves into a discussion of it vs. the 30-06. Reasonable enough, but the presumption made by most if not all .30-06 supporters is bigger/ faster is "better". I submit that is not necessarily so, and depends on perspective, culture and history.
I am writing this from Canada. We, and the entire British commonwealth of nations started out with the .303 British as the standard military cartridge. .303 caliber 150 and 180 grain bullets going a little slower than the the same weight bullets from a .308 were proven to be adequate for any skilled hunter to take any game animal in Canada at reasonable ranges. I am reasonably sure the same was proven in Australia, New Zealand, and for non dangerous game in India and some African countries.
Scandinavia had their 6.5x55. Even milder than the .303, but just as effective on moose. Germany had the 8x57IS, not so different than the .308 with similar bullet weights. Others used the 7x57. Each country had their "standard" that formed a paradigm by which anything else could be compared.
The USA had the .30-06, which had 10% or so more "power" - and once a base line of " adequate " is formed in a culture, it is very difficult to accept anything less is just as good - or better.
For me my first .308 was a small step up in power from the sporterized No. 4 SMLE .303 that I used on my first few hunts. It was all I needed, killed well, cost little, and worked every time. Even on game as big as moose.
Similar experiences happened I'm sure to others who used .303's and 6.5s and 7mm and 8mm former military arms or sporting arms for those cartridges.
Meanwhile, in the USA, the .30-06 was very well established as the standard. Everything had to be compared to it, and when the effective, efficient, accurate, and adequate .308 was introduced as the .30-06 replacement, it was compared, not on its own merits, but against the established paradigm. It came up short.
So today, the .308 is very well regarded as a capable hunting round most places in the world, but in the USA or in places where USA hunters visit often, it doesn't quite measure up to it's older, bigger brother.
To me the .308 remains a "Goldilocks" cartridge. Just right!