Varoius 6.5 have extreme ratio between diameter and length of bullet.
Thus, they have very high sectional density, and theoretically (with pointed or hollow point bullets) extremely high BC for caliber. For this reason in hunting applications they will also have high penetration.
On the other hand, various .30 cal bullets are short compared to their caliber, and for this reason have smaller potential, and in accuracy department (ie - long range accuracy), they are loosing popularity while various 6.5 are gaining.
The only reason for this, is (obsolete) SAAMI and CIP specs for 30 cal, defining LOA and chamber dimension specs for calibers such as 308 win, 30-06 etc.. The standard accepted by industry for last 100 years, and hardly can be done something now to change.
.30 cal (like 308 win) now is in long range shooting mostly kept alive because it represents class of its own (F class FTR) and is coming from nato standard. And they are well proven in hunting fields, but there, in hunting, perfect accuracy is not required.
Below are some older examples with long for caliber bullet visible in 6.5 mm class. At least to me, the lenght of bullet sticking out from casing is impressive.
6.5 carcano
6.5x55
Arisaka 6.5
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