What to expect ?
For each or us, the expectations are personal. They depend on rifle, optics, ammo, equipment, formal training or not, long experience or not, and above all: regular training or not. I am sure some expect better than what I expect, and that is OK with me. On the other hand, hunting is not sniping or Camp Perry, and shooting 1/4 MOA is vastly irrelevant to it.
For me, the expectations, based on what I learned from my own experience, are as follows.
Bench rest with double sand bags - 1/2 MOA to 1 MOA.
It is the rare modern, CNC-machined production rifle that does not hold 1 MOA and often 1/2 MOA at 100 yards with modern CNC-loaded commercial quality ammo.
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Blaser R8 .375 H&H, Barnes factory ammo 300 gr TSX, 100 yards, bench.
But, in truth, whether a hunting rifle groups off the bench 1/2 MOA (1/2" @ 100 yards) or 3/4 MOA (3/4" @ 100 yards) or 1 MOA (1" @ 100 yards) is utterly irrelevant to me because at this stage the rifle is better than the shooter in virtually any hunting condition*.
* I do not consider snipping at game at whatever distance with military-style rifles, Kestrel weather station, ballistic software application, spotter to read the wind and walk the shots to the animal, etc. as "hunting".
But there are precious few bench rests and sand bags in the bush, so once the rifle is sighted, burning ammo from sand bags on a bench is completely useless... so let's move one.
Field rest - 1 MOA
They do not exist everywhere, but it is amazing how often, when looking for them, we can find very solid field rests: sprawling over big boulders in mountain hunts; leaning against trees; seating with the rifle on top of a tall backpack; kneeling and grabbing a strong sapling with the forearm hand; etc. without forgetting the African favorite: leaning over the "bakkie" (truck) hood.
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Blaser R8 .257 Wby, Weatherby factory ammo 100 gr TTSX, 100 yards, field rest.
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Blaser R8 .300 Wby, Weatherby factory ammo 165gr TTSX, 100 yards, field rest.
But there are places where there are no field rests within reach, especially in Africa, so many of us had to learn a new skill: shooting standing...
Off-hand standing, no support whatsoever - 6 MOA at best !?!?!?
It is a really good day for me if I stay within 6 MOA (= 6" @ 100 yards = 12" @ 200 yards etc.), and I know a fair number of folks who struggle to stay within a 10" paper plate (10 MOA).
I therefore
never shoot standing off-hand at game except in a few very specific situations: really close on a follow up (wounded animal that springs up at 10 yards), or charging animal, which I have so far never needed to do.
Tripod - 2 MOA to 3 MOA.
I used to practice with .22 LR from a tripod on a 6" steel plate @ 100 yards. It became boring because I hit the plate 100% of the time.
So I shifted practice to 200 and 300 yards with the same 6" plate when I shifted to the Blaser R8 and got a .223 Rem barrel in addition to my hunting barrels. Hitting the 6" plate at 200 yards is a 3 MOA shot. Hitting the 6" plate at 300 yards is a 2 MOA shot.
I can confidently say that
from a tripod, I did NOT hit the 6" plate at 300 yards 100%. I hovered around the 80%+ (4 hits out of 5 shots). Conversely, it was a rare day when I did not hit the 6"plate at 200 yards 100%. Hence, the data says that the tripod makes me a ~2.5 MOA shooter.
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Blaser R8 .223 Rem, 55 gr bulk American Eagle factory ammo, 200 and 300 yards, 6" steel plate, training off tripod.
Translated to Africa, the tripod, the traditional "PH sticks" provides all the support any shot on DG may ever require.
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Blaser R8 .458 Lott, Barnes factory ammo 500gr TSX, 100 yards, tripod.
But while DG is rarely shot further than 100 yards, PG often is, and the tripod suffers one major drawback: it only stabilizes the front of the rifle.
Quadpod (quad sticks) - 1.5 MOA to 2 MOA.
We recently built our retirement home on 10 acres and I now have my own private 100 yards range. In order to not bother the folks living around, I limit myself to .22 LR. I discovered that the nail guns the crew used to frame the house are more noisy that Eley Club ammo, so this is really innocuous. To spice things up a bit, I built a new target with 5", 4" and 3" steel plates.
Boy did I re-learn ... again!
- Turns out that practicing a lot shooting the 6" plate at 100 yards, regardless of caliber, made me complacent. The crosshair can hover all over the 6" plate and the shot still hit. I had unlearned keeping the crosshair absolutely still. The 3" plate will not forgive that mistake.
- "Aim small, miss small". Interestingly, the group size shrinks as the plate size shrinks. Like it or not, even when I know that I should concentrate just as much regardless of the target size, the fact is that I am still complacent on the 5" and 4" plates.
- It is actually easier than I thought to ring the 3" plate 100% (5 hits for 5 shots), at least with the .22 LR (recoil is not a factor) when I pay attention, and the plate says that I am actually shooting way less than its 3", hence, the data says that the quad sticks make me a 1.5 to 2 MOA shooter.
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Blaser R8 .22 LR, Eley Club ammo, 100 yards, 5", 4" and 3" steel plates, training off quad sticks. Aim small, miss small !
To answer WAB's question, why does the quad sticks make us better shooters?
I believe that the answer is simple: the tripod stabilizes the front end of the rifle, but the rear end still wobbles with our unsupported shoulder. The quad sticks support both front end and rear end.
My personal experience is that moving from tripod to quadpod shrank my groups by at least 1 MOA. I am very confident that I can under virtually any circumstance shoot 2 MOA - and often less - from the quad sticks, which means that I can ethically shoot an animal with a 6" vital area (i.e. the smallest of plains game aside from Tiny Tens) out to 300 yards standing with the quad sticks. With the tripod, I will kill cleanly all the time at 300 yards a wildebeest (10" vital area), but not always a small impala (6" vital area). With the quadpod I will. That is the difference.
I personally use the 4 Stable Sticks. I splurged on the carbon version ($250) because when I fly to Africa, every ounce counts, but I advise the aluminum version to friends in the US who do not need to fly with them. With a minimum of training, they are just as fast to use as the tripod.
I am not sure what the pistol grip adds to the Blaser sticks, I prefer to hold the rifle forearm, and I am a bit offended by their price ($450).
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Trade off!
In the 4 Stable Sticks design, the four legs are joined in two points on the ground. This allows for tilting the rifle up or down instantly, which is very useful in uneven terrain,, and this allows rotating the sticks instantly left or right, by pivoting on one point, which is also very useful on moving game.
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Credit: 4 Stable Sticks
Conversely, the Viper Flex has a fifth leg that prevents the rifle from tilting up or down. This provides yet another point of stability. The drawback is that it is inevitably slower to deploy, and more difficult to reposition on the fly once the rifle is on it.
Each will have their own preference. My personal view is that the Viper Flex is mechanically more stable, but that the 4 Stable Sticks are faster, and that once I pull solidly the rifle in my shoulder-pocket (which I need to do anyway to control recoil), the 4 Stable Sticks are just as stable as the Viper Flex. Others may favor the opposite tradeoff, for more mechanical stability and less speed.
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Credit: Viper Flex