I hadn’t followed this thread much as I was thoroughly enjoying a couple grand weeks in Kenya while y’all have been debating this topic. Now I’m back home so I guess I’ll weigh in.
As a bit of background, I’ve only killed 7 buffalo. Several had to be followed into thick cover, including one unprovoked charge where our initial shots were at a few feet distance and follow ups happened in very thick cover. In each case where we had to follow, we took up the track immediately.
The rifles I’ve used included a 458 Win Mag, 375 H&H, 470 NE and 416 Hoffman. I no longer have the 458 or 470. These days I carry the 416 as my heavy rifle, though I did just have a 375 H&H built and will use on some future buffalo. The 416 is an excellent buffalo caliber, easy enough to shoot well, yet packs a big punch. Both of these rifles are custom builds based on Winchester pre-64 model 70 actions. The 416 has quick detachable claw mounts which allow me to remove the scope, a Leupold VX-5 HD in 1-5x, in a matter of seconds. In a follow-up situation in thick cover, it is very quick pointing with the scope removed. The 375 is topped with a Leupold VX-5 HD in 2-10x. Both scopes have the Firedot reticle, which I believe is superior for buffalo in tight cover or low light.
For bullets, I really like Trophy Bonded Bearclaws and have enjoyed great success with them. I also like Barnes TSX’s and look forward to using them on some future buffalo. Solids, even though I always include some, I don’t expect to use except as a last result. I like Trophy Bonded Sledgehammer and Cutting Edge solids and they shoot well in my rifle. As the client, you should shoot whatever bullet your PH suggests depending on the situation.
I think a sport hunter’s buffalo rifle on any follow-up should always be whatever you’re already carrying and the caliber of your gun is far less important than what your PH is carrying. The PHs I’ve hunted buffalo with carried 458 Winchesters, and a 460 Weatherby. The PH my last and next buffalo hunts are with uses a 450 Ackley, which is one hell of a potent stopper as he gets 2,600 fps with 500 grain bullets.
When following a wounded buffalo, assuming your PH allows you to go with him, the caliber of your rifle is not nearly as important as your ability to quickly shoot it accurately under pressure. That takes a fair bit of practice and most of us don’t get enough of that kind of practice. The caliber of your PH’s rifle matters greatly.
For those who think you need something 45 caliber and up, ponder that over the course of history across all of Africa, more buffalo have been killed with the 375 H&H than any other caliber. It’s been widely available since 1912 everywhere that buffalo are hunted. For decades, it was a primary cartridge of many game departments and has been regularly used in culling and large scale shooting operations for many years. Are there better options? Sure, but there is nothing wrong at all with a 375 and when you as a client shoot it well, the topic of follow ups will largely be limited to cocktails around the fire at day’s end.
My .02 worth.