Remind me who the people were who opposed the transition from muzzle loader to bolt action. I seem to have missed out on that phase in history.
Not a bolt action, but Henry repeating rifle was offered to Army, and not accepted. Under presumption repeaters will waste too much ammo. This theory kept for years, and from muzzle loader US Army switched to single shot rifles Springfield model 1873. (with them, Caster lost the battle at little big horn) In the same time civilians were using henry repeaters, winchester 66 etc..
Armies were always slow to accept new things. rifled long gun is another example
In time of American revolution, army kept smooth bore, muzzle loader musket. Civilians, individuals and revolutionaries were using rifled muzzle loaders = Pennsylvania rifles.
Snipers:
Scopes in history were used in times of need, used already in American civil war but never officially accepted and were abandoned after the war. After civil war, snipers were not part of army program, same as after the ww1, ww2, korea.
Thus, until Vietnam war, Army did not have training program for snipers, specialized sniper rifle, etc. Army entered the vietnam war without snipers, and during the war developed training programs, and specialized sniper rifles (win m70, rem 700) which later became standard. TIll then, standard issue rifle equipped with scope was used for this purpose, because in past they never developped specialised rifle.
Russians were more advanced, and they had their sniper training before ww2, test designs in semi auto versions, and first specialised military sniper rifle (in the world) in 1963, SVD dragunov, although by western standard, this would be designated marksmen rifle.