Hank2211
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Some countries have "transit" areas, where you never formally enter the country, and transit to your ultimate destination. If you stay in these areas - sort of the human version of a bonded warehouse - you do not clear customs or immigration. Others do not have those facilities, and you have to clear Customs and Immigration no matter how short your stay in the airport or the country might be. Many US airports are of the "everyone clears Customs no matter what" variety. I think it's a control thing.Good to know. Does that mean if I was to have a layover in London say, I would have to go through customs even if not leaving the airport? Or is this just in the country of final destination? I have only flown out of the country once and it was a direct flight to where we were going, so this is all new to me
With respect to London in particular, I can tell you that Heathrow has transit facilities, and as long as you do not leave the (secure) transit areas, you will not "enter" Britain, and will not clear customs. If you take a wrong turn, you might well find yourself facing Customs people - just follow the "connecting flights" signs, and stay away from baggage claim signs, and you should be fine.
Unless South Africa works differently from other countries I've entered, including the US, you must accompany your bags through Customs. I'm surprised if they can check your bags on through J-burg to another destination.
You can in fact check your bags to your ultimate destination, and it may be important that you do so. Here's one reason why. If the bags are checked from, say, Delta to Jo'burg and then SAA from Jo'burg to Port Elizabeth, then the Delta baggage rules should apply to the entire trip. I flew business class to Jo'burg, which allowed me to check three bags at no charge, up to a maximum of 70 lbs each. But there was no business class between Jo'burg and PE. If my bags had not been checked through to PE, I would only have been allowed two bags and the maximum weight would have been 50 lbs per bag.
So if you are going to Port Elizabeth (as I did two years ago), then check the bags through to there. You will still have to pick them up in Jo'burg to clear Customs with them there (as Brickburn said), but then you put them back on the plane. If you were going on to any other country in Africa, you would not clear Customs or Immigration in Jo'burg unless you were staying the night outside of the airport, for example. And your bags would normally stay in the airport waiting for your flight out of the country.
Hope that all makes sense.