I was wondering since it’s such a hassle to travel with firearms to Africa is it possible/legal to leave a personal firearm in Africa with the PH for your use when you are there ?
Legally, i.e. using the SAPS 520 to "sell" the rifle to the PH
Yes, it is legally doable, but the purchase by the PH must be approved by SAPS (South Africa Police Services) and the process takes months ahead of time. As to the legal permanent exportation process in the country of departure, it varies with different countries.
In so many words, it is so complicated that very few private people do it, although some US or European gun dealers have been known to legally export individual rifles to South African dealers who in turn transfer them to South African residents upon SAPS (South Africa Police Services) approval.
In this case your PH legally owns the rifle and loans it to you when you come. This implies that you will always hunt in South Africa and always hunt with the same PH, which may or may not be a realistic prospect................................
As to the risk of the PH being burglarized, or the rifle being confiscated, or the PH dying natural or accidental death, or your relationship with the PH souring, or, or, etc. it all on you. In most cases you will never see the rifle again.......................................
Legally - sort of - by funding your PH to purchase locally a rifle that he will loan you
There is no law preventing you from gifting money to your PH who then purchases a rifle/shotgun in his own name and loans it to you, but you are not the legal owner of the weapon and your PH's purchase must be approved by SAPS, which also takes months.
Again, in this case your PH legally owns the rifle and loans it to you when you come, and this again implies that you will always hunt in South Africa and always hunt with the same PH, and that you assume all the risks of the PH owning the rifle.
Illegally, by sneaking out of country without the rifle
The paragraph header says it all (illegally). Not only the answer is no, it is not legal to leave a temporarily imported rifle without officially transferring it, but
you will likely be prevented from leaving South Africa if you cannot submit the rifle that you temporarily imported to SAPS inspection when you leave the country and surrender back to them your temporary importation permit.
By the way, this is the reason why it is critical to not loose your SAPS 520 during your safari as you cannot leave the country without returning it and without it matching the rifle you leave with.
It may be possible (?) to leave the country surreptitiously (and illegally) without the rifle and without surrendering the SAPS, relying on lack of verification, just like it is possible to import ammo for a caliber that is not listed on the SAPS 520 by relying on the fact that the ammo is rarely inspected in South Africa, but this is a major risk to take for both the current trip and any subsequent trip when you may be arrested for the previous trip illegal exit if SAPS has a process to match at some point returned SAPS 520 to issued SAPS 520, and flag illegal departures, which I do not know.
Beside, the rifle itself becomes an illegal rifle, and I would not be surprised that the PH would not want to touch it, since he too would get in a lot of trouble.
In any case, breaking firearm laws in Africa can get you in as much trouble as smuggling illegal drugs. Understand that this means serious jail time. Simply DO NOT DO IT.
In so may words, it is easy enough to travel with a rifle case and ammo case to Africa to not engage on any of the above more risky paths.
So, yes, it is a pain to do the CBD 4457 (coming from the US) and SAPS 520 routine for every trip; to schlep the rifle and ammo cases through airports; to deal with at best untrained and at worst hostile airlines and airports employees; and yes there is always a risk for a piece of luggage to get lost (although the risk is much higher for any regular suitcase than for a rifle case), etc., so, yes, yes, yes, it is a pain, but in truth it remains (so far) very doable, and in terms of risk management, it beast hands down attempting anything shady...